Syndrome of neuroleptic hyperprolactinaemia and its correction by cabergolin in the out-door patients with paranoid schizophrenia

Abstract

Background. Neuroleptic hyperprolactinemia syndrome (NHPS) observed during antipsychotic treatment in 4–95 % of cases (in women of reproductive age in the 42-93%, and for men – 42–47 % [1, 4, 7–10]) It associated with the blockade of antipsychotic D2-receptors in tuberoinfundibular area. Study of the possibilities of medical correction SNGP dopamine agonists is an important task, but their performance and features of action not well understood. Material and methods. A total of 122 outpatients with a diagnosis according to ICD-10 – paranoid schizophrenia (F.20), taking at least 6 months of therapy antipsychotics, gave informed consent. Of these, there were 26 (21,3 %) men and 96 (78,7 %) women) aged 16 to 55 years. The average age of 30,2 ± 1,8 years (men – 32,0 ± 2,6 years, women – 28,5 ± 3,7 years). In identifying elevated prolactin levels, or the presence of NHPS patients received a standard course of correctional treatment with cabergoline, followed by an evaluation of its effectiveness. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 7 software.
Results. The incidence NHPS ranged from 73,3 to 84,4 % depending on the version of antipsychotic therapy. Evaluating the effectiveness of cabergoline showed the following results: in all treatment groups, the ratio of responders and partial responders was significantly (p < 0,01) higher compared with nonresponders. In the group of second-generation antipsychotics number of nonresponders was higher than in the other groups, and the proportion of responders smaller, but it was compensated by higher percentages of partial responders.
Conclusions. Cabergoline therapy demonstrated high efficiency (77,8–86,7 %) and safety NHPS correction, regardless of the various combinations of antipsychotics used.