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No. 3 (2026)

GENERAL THERAPY QUESTIONS AND REVIEWS

Psychotherapeutic methods for behavioral (non-substance) addictions: the current state of the evidence base

https://doi.org/10.48612/psyph/39e4-vf13-nthn

Published 2026-10-02

  • B.V. Khurumov

B.V. Khurumov
Russian University of Medicine

Abstract

The review analyzes the current evidence base for psychotherapeutic methods used to treat behavioral (non-substance) addictions. The aim is to summarize the
evidence on their efficacy and to assess the robustness of the evidence base for individual conditions. The nosological status is considered primarily within International
Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), which remains the official classification in the Russian Federation and in which the only behavioral addiction with
its own category is pathological gambling (F63.0) under “Habit and impulse disorders”; ICD-11 changes are treated as a secondary context. Drawing on systematic
reviews, meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (mainly 2017–2025), the most robust evidence supports cognitive behavioral therapy for pathological gambling
and gaming disorder, whereas for internet and smartphone addiction the evidence is heterogeneous and largely based on studies of low methodological quality. Motivational interviewing, third-wave methods, family and group psychotherapy and internet-delivered formats are considered promising adjuncts. The need for standardized
diagnostics, long-term randomized controlled trials, and the adaptation of psychotherapeutic programs for Russian practice is emphasized.

Keywords

behavioral addictions, pathological gambling, gaming disorder, internet addiction, cognitive behavioral therapy, psychotherapy

PDF (Русский)

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