Genetic Markers of Metabolic Side-Effects Risks in Second-Generation Antipsychotic Therapy

Abstract

SUMMARY:
The serious sideQeffects of secondQgeneration antipsychotic (SGA) therapy are the metabolic disorders such as increase in body mass, obesity, disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
(dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance) and metabolic syndrome. The aim of our review was to analyze the current data about the risks markers of metabolic sideQeffects during
SGA treatment. It was shown that the major role belongs to the genes responsible for the central control of eating behavior (hypothalamus, “reward”Qsystem) and to the genes of (inQ)
direct “targets” of SGA. The genes of metabolic, endocrine and peripheral eating behavior systems play the modulate role. It is possible that the influence of the genetic systems of peripheral
metabolic disorders (lipid and carbohydrate systems) is especially important in patients with high genetic risks of these disorders. In those cases SGA are the pharmacological “triggers”
of risks leading to the rapid and severe clinical manifestation of metabolic disorders. It is obvious that the special genetic panels are necessary for the preventive diagnostics of individual
metabolic sideQeffects risks of SGA treatment. The panels should include the genes of eating behavior, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. These diagnostic procedures will clinically result
in the possibility of the individual treatment with the safest SGA agent.