Tardive dyskinesia: advances of modern pharmacogenetics

Abstract

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious irreversible side effect of longPterm exposure to antipsychotic medication characterized by involuntary trunk, limb and orofacial muscle movements. The
main pharmacogenetic investigations of drugPinduced TD are conducted to identify the association with gene polymorphism of xenobiotic metabolism system, neurotransmitter receptors and
oxidative stress system. This review highlights recent advances in the pharmacogenetic investigation of TD in patients with schizophrenia, taking into account the clinical heterogeneity of this
movement disorder. Modern pharmacogenetics is a promising tool for the development of personalized treatment technologies based on the genetic profile of the patient.