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Гематологические коэффициенты воспаления в диагностике и оценке клинических характеристик у пациентов с депрессивными эпизодами: систематический обзор

Аннотация

Актуальность. Моноаминовая теория не охватывает всего спектра биологических механизмов депрессии, лежащих в её основе. Современные данные подчеркивают важную роль системного воспаления, при этом гематологические коэффициенты воспаления (ГКВ) рассматриваются как доступные и экономически эффективные маркеры воспалительного статуса.

Цель — обобщить результаты исследований ГКВ у пациентов с депрессивными эпизодами в рамках расстройств аффективного спектра.

Методы. Протокол зарегистрирован в базе данных PROSPERO. Систематический поиск осуществлялся в базах данных MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY.RU, КиберЛенинка и RusMed. В обзор включены статьи, посвящённые исследованию значения ГКВ у пациентов с диагностированной депрессией. Оценку качества отобранных исследований выполняли с помощью инструмента NHLBI Quality Assessment Tool.

Результаты. Из 1976 публикаций отобрано 35 исследований. Большинство из них демонстрируют статистически значимое повышение уровней ГКВ у пациентов с депрессией по сравнению с представителями контрольных групп. Обнаружены ассоциации между уровнем ГКВ и клиническими характеристиками расстройств, включая тип аффективной патологии (монополярная или биполярная депрессия), а также тяжесть депрессивного эпизода. В то же время установлено, что данных для использования ГКВ в качестве диагностических или прогностических биомаркеров недостаточно. Связь ГКВ с компонентами метаболического синдрома в большинстве работ не рассмотрена, при этом ограниченное число исследований указывает на положительную корреляцию ГКВ с индексом массы тела.

Выводы. Гематологические коэффициенты воспаления представляют собой перспективный инструмент для оценки клинических характеристик аффективных расстройств. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования их прогностической ценности и связи с метаболическими нарушениями.

Ключевые слова

воспаление, биомаркеры, систематический обзор, депрессия, биполярное расстройство, индекс массы тела, гематологические коэффициенты воспаления

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